When it comes to multiplication, you add exponents IF the base (the 5 at the bottom is called base) is the same answer. for example: 1^16 x 1^9, since the exponents are the same you just add the exponents (16 & 9) which is 25 or 1^25
Dividing is the same as multiplying except your subtracting with the examples, adding and subtracting is simplifying and solving, for example