Explicit meaning is created by an author throughout the text by<span> directly conveying meaning within a text. Implicit meaning is created by an author by using </span>specific hints throughout the text.
It is necessary because if you don't have a confirmed opinion with textual evidence to back it up you wont have a good argument.
A pronoun shift is when you modify the pronoun in the same sentence, then the reader is not able to understand who is the subject of the sentence.
In the exemplified sentence the pronoun inserted incorrectly is <u>they</u>, shifting the initially singular subject "The student" (pronouns he or she) to a plural pronominal form.
When correcting, the writer must evaluate which is the desired pronoun, that fits his subject.:
<em>(Singular form) If the student feels ill, he/she should be sent to the nurse.
</em>
<em>(Plural form) If the students feel ill, they should be sent to the nurse.</em>
So, the pronoun shift that should be circled is They
It is true that r<span>ecent studies appear to suggest that most of the glaciers in the alps are retreating.</span>
The essay tells a story about race relations in harlem. (Apex)