Answer:
Newer layers of earth form <u>on</u><u> </u><u>top</u> of older layers, so as we dig, we can see further back in time. Comparing the fossils between the layers can offer evidence of change.
<u>Phyletic</u><u> </u><u>gradualism</u> - slow, but constant gradual change; supported by transitional species in the fossil record
<u>Punctuated</u><u> </u><u>equilibrium</u>- long periods of no change followed by short periods of rapid change. Can also be supported by the fossil record when no transitional species are found.
Answer:
If the two organisms are heterozygous for the dominant trait.
Explanation:
For every trait, a diploid organism receives two forms of gene called ALLELE, from each parent. Allele is the variant form of a gene.
According to Mendel's law of dominance, for a particular trait, an allele is capable of masking the expression of another allele in a gene. The expressed allele is called the DOMINANT allele while the masked allele is called the RECESSIVE allele. Due to this, an organism can express a dominant trait even in a combined or heterozygous state i.e. different alleles.
When the two heterozygous organisms mate or are crossed, they undergo meiosis and their alleles are separated into GAMETES according to Mendel's law of segregation. For example; an organism with genotype (genetic make-up) Aa will produce gametes with A and a alleles.
Note that, a recessive trait can only be expressed in a homozygous state i.e. same allele. Hence, the two heterozygous organisms will produce gametes containing the recessive allele, which will likely combine to produce a recessive phenotype or trait.
Please post the food chain i may be able to help
Answer:
The correct answer is - They have substances that counteract acids or bases to prevent the pH from changing
Explanation:
All living organisms including humans are water-based systems, which implies that they rely intensely upon liquid equilibria, particularly acid-base equilibria. Hence, all the acid-base and pH ideas we have talked about so far are critical to the chemistry of organic or biological systems.
This is particularly significant for enzyme, which are proteins that go about as catalysts for all major biological reactions. Most enzymes just work inside a specific pH range. Because all natural cycles are subject to pH, cells and creatures must keep up a particular and consistent pH so as to keep their compounds in the ideal condition of protonation they have specific substances that counteract the acid and base to maintain pH.
for instance:
The pH of the Cytoplasm is maintained by the phosphate ion
The pH of the blood is regulated by the bicarbonate ion
