Answer: its d
Explanation: The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The initial objective was the recovery of the Holy Land from Islamic rule. These campaigns were subsequently given the name crusades.
The main cause of the second industrial revolution was, natural resources, abundant labor supply, strong government policy and new sources of power.
Phil Graham cowrote President Reagan's economic plan. The said plan was made possible thanks to the Gramm-Latta Budget wherein he co-sponsored the funds needed in order to do it. Also, he increased military spending while cutting other costs as well.