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zaharov [31]
3 years ago
15

En una isla oceánica aislada hay una especie de pájaros, la

Biology
1 answer:
Zinaida [17]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

La frecuencia del alelo recesivo s es igual a 0.2 (opción b)

Explanation:

<u>Datos disponibles</u>:

  • Plumaje gris es el fenotipo dominante
  • Plumaje con manchas blancas es el fenotipo recesivo
  • S es el alelo dominante para plumaje gris
  • s es el alelo recesivo para plumaje manchado
  • Variedad manchada representa el 4% de la población.

Si ejemplares con ala manchada y genotipo ss representan el 4% de la población, entonces los restantes 96% corresponden a ejemplares grises homocigotas dominantes SS y heterocigotas Ss. Las frecuencias fenotípicas serán:

  • Plumaje gris (SS + Ss) = 96% = 0.96
  • Plumaje manchado (ss) = 4% = 0.04

De acuerdo al equilibrio de Hardy-Winberg, la suma de las frecuencias alélicas equivale a 1, y la suma de las frecuencias genotípicas también equivale a 1.

  • Frecuencia del alelo dominante = p
  • Frecuencia del alelo recesivo = q
  • Frecuencia de genotipo homocigota dominante = p²
  • Frecuencia de genotipo heterocigota = 2xpxq
  • Frecuencia del genotipo homocigota recesivo = q²

Entonces,

  • p + q = 1
  • p² + 2pq + q² = 1

Si la frecuencia genotípica del homocigota recesivo es 0.04, entonces la raíz cuadrada de ese valor es la frecuencia génica del alelo recesivo. Esto es:

  • q² = 0.04
  • q = √0.04 = 0.2

A partir de la ecuación p + q = 1, podemos calcular el valor de p.

p + q = 1

p + 0.2 = 1

p = 1 - 0.2

p = 0.8

Entonces la frecuencia genotípica del homocigota dominante es p²

p² = 0.8² = 0.64

Y la frecuencia genotípica del heterocigota es

2pq = 2 x p x q = 2 x 0.8 x 0.2 = 0.32

Para corroborar esto, la suma de todas las frecuencias genotípicas debe dar uno.

0.64 + 0.32 + 0.04 = 1

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