Black Americans are no longer a) segregated b) denied services because of their skin color. The times before the civil rights act made it hard for blacks to improve in society, and racism was accepted. After the act, racism was not quenched, but the worst of the singling out was- and is- over.
4/10 pencils are red. I'm not sure what you mean by write two equivalent fractions but 4/10 and 8/20 as the equivalent amount of red pencils/total amount of pencil