Some think it was called this because of how the skin turned dark at the late stages of the disease, but it was more likely called "Black" to reflect the dark and horrible time in history.
She's got a monologue somewhere talking about it, she first wanted to become a doctor after seeing one of her friends get hurt when they were playing outside. She thought that he was going to die, but then the hospital came and sewed him up and saved his life and that's when she decided that that was what she was going to do.
When Rosa Parks would not give up her seat for a white man. They threw her off the bus.
They're called the Allyu. Much similar to serfs in Europe.
Monetary Payments were granted to WWI veterans by congress