Answer:
The Black Death, I looked it up and this seems to be the right answer
Explanation:
For Christians, Jesus was crucified in Jerusalem. For Muslims, the first thing in that there is a mosque there that is considered 3rd holiest place in the world to them. The second thing is that and there is a thing called the Shrine of the Dome of the Rocks which is the place that Muslims believe that Muhammed ascended into heaven. And for Jewish people, there is this thing called Kotel, or "western wall" where they believe was the foundation block of the Earth and also the closest they can pray to the holiest of the holiest.
By looking a the options I would say that the answer is A.
Base on the questions, the possible answers to you following questions, base on my research and further investigation, would be the following:
#1 <span> D. cruel and unusual punishment.</span>
#2 <span>D. create clear standards to be applied fairly before imposing the death penalty.
I hope you are satisfied with my answer and feel free to ask for more if you have question and further clarification</span>