All living organisms have ways of maintaining homeostasis. They have mechanisms for controlling such factors as their internal temperature, water balance, and acidity. Homeostasis is necessary for normal life processes that take place inside cells.
Answer:
Organism I (circular chromosomes)
Explanation:
I can eliminate organisms II, III, and IV because these organisms have linear chromosomes therefore making it the most closely related to eukaryotes because they consist of linear chromosomes. My only other choice would be organism I, and since it has circular chromosomes we can conclude that this is the most distantly related to eukaryotes.
Answer:
1. Inhibiting IP3 channels, leading to decreased Ca2 in the sarcoplasm and reduced contraction.
2. Increasing the relative activity of MLCP, leading to a decrease in tension.
3. Activating K channels, increasing K leaking out of the cell which hyperpolarizes it and decreases the likelihood of Ca2 entry.
Explanation
In smooth muscle, cyclic AMP (cAMP) mediates relaxation because cAMP inhibits a specific kinase required for myosin light chain protein (MLCP) phosphorylation, thereby triggering contraction in the smooth muscles. It has been shown that cAMP inhibits 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-dependent calcium ions (Ca 2+) release by activation of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). PKG proteins act to modulate Ca2+ oscillations by stimulating sarcoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase membrane proteins, increasing Ca2+ in the sarcoplasmic reticulum stores and Ca2+ efflux from the cells, and activate voltage-gated potassium (K) channels, thereby leading to membrane hyperpolarization and reducing Ca2+ entry through Ca2+ channels.
The answer is D) Stationary
(Not a 100% on this but, I'm like 90)