The opinions and prejudice of an author in writing.
I believe that those two elements greatly affect bias in history because we can never be 100% sure of everything that (may have) happened in history (especially farther in the past), so opinion can affect a historian's writings. Also, everyone is prone to some sort of prejudice, so this can also affect history.
Answer: D. The Namib Desert
Explanation: I just took the test...
I believe the answer is E. d41 because it goes a11, A12, b21, B22, c31, C32, then it goes lowercase d41 and then the next one is going to upper case D42.
Hope this helps.