Mitochondria are the energy centers of the cell that work to produce ATP. Centrioles are organelles composed of tubulin protein that organize microtubules that serve as the cell's skeletal system. Lysosomes are vesicles that contain hydrolytic enzymes. The cytosol is a thick solution inside the cell which is enclosed by the cell membrane. The nucleolus is an organelle inside the cell nucleus involved in the transcription of ribosomal RNAs. The nuclear envelope is a membrane that surrounds the cell nucleus (in eukaryotic organisms). Chromosomes are linear molecules composed of chromatin (DNA + histone proteins) which contain the genetic material of the cells. The cilia are organelles found on eukaryotic cells involved in the movement of the cell. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle whose function is the processing of proteins synthesized in the ribosomes, while the smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in lipid synthesis. The Golgi apparatus is an organelle involved in transporting and packaging proteins and lipids. The cytoskeleton is a dynamic network of protein filaments that act as the skeleton of the cells. Vesicles are membrane-bound structures that transport substances in the cell. The cell membrane is a lipid bilayer that acts to transport nutrients into the cell and waste products out of the cell.
