Answer:
Explanation:
HCl is produced by the parietal cells of the stomach. To begin with, water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) combine within the parietal cell cytoplasm to produce carbonic acid (H2CO3), which is catalysed by carbonic anhydrase. Carbonic acid then spontaneously dissociates into a hydrogen ion (H+) and a bicarbonate ion (HCO3–).
The hydrogen ion that is formed is transported into the stomach lumen via the H+– K+ ATPase ion pump. This pump uses ATP as an energy source to exchange potassium ions into the parietal cells of the stomach with H+ ions.
The bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer works in a fashion similar to phosphate buffers. The bicarbonate is regulated in the blood by sodium, as are the phosphate ions. When sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), comes into contact with a strong acid, such as HCl, carbonic acid (H2CO3), which is a weak acid, and NaCl are formed. When carbonic acid comes into contact with a strong base, such as NaOH, bicarbonate and water are formed.
The bicarbonate ion is transported out of the cell into the blood via a transporter protein called anion exchanger which transports the bicarbonate ion out the cell in exchange for a chloride ion (Cl–). This chloride ion is then transported into the stomach lumen via a chloride channel.The respiratory system contributes to the balance of acids and bases in the body by regulating the blood levels of carbonic acid
Chloride ions are important in neutralizing positive ion charges in the body. If chloride is lost, the body uses bicarbonate ions in place of the lost chloride ions. Thus, lost chloride results in an increased reabsorption of bicarbonate by the renal system.
sucking is an example of inherited response. when children are born, they possess five main instinctual responses which include, sucking, crying, smiling, clinging and following. these responses act together to foster the bond between mother and the child. in most cases this traits are not programmed in human DNA but are just inherited spontaneously.
Answer
Cells use the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate, abbreviated as ATP, as a source of energy. Symbolically, this reaction can be written as
where ADP represents adenosine diphosphate. For this reaction, a. Calculate at b. If all the free energy from the metabolism of glucose
goes into forming ATP from ADP, how many ATP molecules can be produced for every molecule of glucose?
goes into forming ATP from ADP, how many ATP molecules can be produced for every molecule of glucose?
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Answer:
How hard the blood pushes on the inside of the blood vessels is called Blood Pressure
The total amount of blood the heart pumps in one minute is called Cardiac Output
When blood vessels open wider during exercise, they are said to dilate
How many times your heart beats in one minute is called Heart Rate
The force that can put unhealthy tension on the heart as it is pumping is called Blood pressure
The amount of blood the heart pumps out in one beat is called Stroke volume.
Explanation:
All this concepts to the heart and cardiovascular system. It is important to know how heart is functioning to see how blood circulates.
