Man vs. self refers to someone who is having conflict within themselves. They are having trouble solving a problem for example.
Allusion.
Both examples come from the Bible. The first comes from the Old Testament and the second from the New. You have to be a little knowledgeable of the Bible to catch on to either one of them (or be good with Google).
Its a metaphor :) the kids room is being compared to the disaster area to make the point that it is messy
