The Portuguese made an expedition to Otranto, Italy in 1481 after the conquest of constantinople, the so called "Cruzada Turca". Pope Sixtus IV called for a crusade against the Turks, who occupied Otranto in southern Italy. The Pope's intention was to cross the Adriatic and liberate Vlorë (Valona) as well.
Portugal sent a squadron into Otranto under command of the bishop of Évora, Garcia de Meneses.
By the time the Portuguese reached Naples, the Ottomans had already withdrawn, because the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed II, had died, which made it easier for the Portuguese to have another italian city.
"<span>You would be concerned that the natural landscape had been destroyed and polluted by large factories, farms, and cities" The Native Americans contributed practically zero pollution to the area. </span>
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Each competed to have her own son chosen as the sultan’s heir.
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It started with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of the Austro-Hungarian Empire by Gavrilo Princip<span>, a member of the Black Hand and Bosnia Serbian nationalist.</span>
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In antebellum America, a religious revival called the Second Great Awakening resulted in thousands of conversions to evangelical religions. Itinerant preachers, such as Charles Granison Finney, traveled from town to town, lecturing to crowds about eradicating sin in the name of perfectionism. Camp meetings, or large religious gatherings, also gave the devout opportunities to practice their religion and for potential conversions of non-believers. In addition to a religious movement, other reform movements such as temperance, abolition, and women's rights also grew in antebellum America. The temperance movement encouraged people to abstain from consuming alcoholic drinks in order to preserve family order. The abolition movement fought to abolish slavery in the United States. The women's rights movement grew from female abolitionists who realized that they too could fight for their own political rights. In addition to these causes, reforms touched nearly every aspect of daily life, such as restricting the use of tobacco and dietary and dress reforms.
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