The Federalists wanted the wealthy and educated to lead the nation, focused on businesses and trading, and had a loose Constitution interpretation. The Anti-feds wanted the people of the nation to lead, focused more on agriculture, and wanted a strict interpretation of the Constitution. Federalists wanted Hamilton's plan for financial crisis to work because it would help their businesses. The opposing side were against it because they would be the ones who had to pay for the high tariffs.
The Sherman anti trust acts reduced poet of monopolies
Mostly, the Europeans dominated because their numbers or military technology and organization were superior.
Considering the alternatives, the only alternative that represents any sort of military power being evolved with it is:
d. They built infrastructure to keep military units traveling and intimidating the locals.
Also, the British and other countries did build many railroads in Africa.
It was John Tyler.
Tyler's opponents regularly called him "His Accidency" and addressed correspondences to him as "Vice President" or "Acting President" (letters which he returned unopened).
When his term ended in 1845, he did not seek election.