Protective systems are methods of protecting workers from cave-ins of material that can fall or roll into an excavation, or from the collapse of nearby structures. As mentioned in earlier chapters, if an excavation is less than 5 feet deep, OSHA does not require a protective systems unless the competent person sees signs of a potential cave-in. (It is important to remember that a wall collapse in a trench four and 1/2 feet deep can still have serious results!) For trenches between 5 feet and 20 feet deep, shoring and sheeting, shielding, sloping and benching are all acceptable protective measures. It is up to the planners of the construction project and the competent person on site to determine which systems will work best. If an excavation is greater than 20 feet deep, a registered professional engineer must design the protective system.
Shoring systems are structures of timber, mechanical, or hydraulic systems that support the sides of an excavation and which are designed to prevent cave-ins.Sheeting is a type of shoring system that keeps the earth in position. It can be driven into the ground or work in conjunction with a shoring system. Driven sheeting is most frequently used for excavations open for long periods of time. Another type of sheeting, in which plates or shoring grade plywood (sometimes called Finland form) is used in conjunction with strutted systems such as hydraulic or timber shoring. These strutted systems are also referred to as active systems. The most frequently used strutted system involves aluminum hydraulic shoreswhich are lightweight, re-usable and installed and removed completely from above
Natural environment has the ability to gather some pollutants yet if too much then the environment could no longer handle it. A leaky sewage can pollute an aquifer with I. arsenic as the contaminant. Arsenic is a metalloid existing in the Earth's crush. Exposure is natural yet can be aggravated by the human activities.
The answer is (D.) Systematic desensitization
Systematic Desensitization is the behavioural technique used by Dr. Shakar which is used to treat anxiety disorders, fear, and phobias like Takeshi who is having a social phobia. The technique is to gradually exposed the person like Takeshi to an anxiety-producing object, event or place like when she is asked to walk on a busy street.
