A hemisphere is one horizontal half of a sphere. In geographical terms, the sphere is the earth or a planet. Two halves make a whole so earth has to hemispheres, the northern and the Southern Hemispheres.
The cold water observed along the northern California coast in summer is mainly due to: upwelling .
- here Upwelling is a process in which deep, cold water rises toward the surface replaces warm water from the surface.
- Winds blowing across the ocean surface push water away. Water then rises up from beneath the surface to replace the water that was pushed away. This process is known as “upwelling.”
- Upwelling occurs in the open ocean and along coastlines. The reverse process, called “downwelling,” also occurs when wind causes surface water to build up along a coastline and the surface water eventually sinks toward the bottom.
- Water that rises to the surface as a result of upwelling is typically colder and is rich in nutrients. These nutrients “fertilize” surface waters, meaning that these surface waters often have high biological productivity. Therefore, good fishing grounds typically are found where upwelling is common.
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The International Date Line, established in 1884, passes through the mid-Pacific Ocean and roughly follows a 180 degrees longitude north-south line on the Earth
It is D) Ireland. The rest are culturally diverse while Ireland is homogeneous.
<u>Answer:</u>
All of the above mentioned options can be used by scientists to date the sediment layer they are found in.
<u>Explanation:</u>
- Rock fossils, animal fossils, etc.found in the sediment layer can be used to determine the age of the sediment based on the period of the existence of that animal or the period of formation of the rock.
- Tree rings clearly exhibit the age of the tree. Hence, a sediment layer with the evidence of tree rings can tell the age of the sediment layer.
- An amalgamation of the data obtained from the animal growth rings and the period of existence of that specific animal species can be used to calculate the age of the sediment.
- The intensity of radioactivity left in the isotopes clarifies how old the isotope is.
- The age of mineral elements can be determined exactly with the help of processes like Potassium-Argon dating, Uranium-Lead dating, etc.
- Thus it would be easy to determine the age of the sediment layer containing mineral elements.
