A.Cladograms, because those are diagrams, all the rest contribute to natural selection.
Answer:
The correct answer is A) Histone deacetylation generally decreases gene expression.
Explanation:
Histones are the proteins that are responsible for the condensation of chromatin, which is directly linked to the capacity that a gene has to be expressed. The more condensed a gene is, the less expressible it becomes.
In order to regulate the gene expression, histones can suffer from many modifications that can change their conformation and the expressiveness of specific genes.
<u>Histone acetylation is linked with an increase of gene expression; while deacetylation and methylation decrease gene expression.</u>
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Most of the mutations have no effects whatsoever on the organisms but some can be dangerous. There are two types of mutations that cause harm to the organism's ability to survive:teratogen muations are the mutations that form inside the uterus when the fetus is still developing and can even kill it or cause severe malformations that lead to death in the early life. Carcinogen mutations are the ones that lead to the formation of neoplasms(masses of cells that divide uncontrollably, basicly cancer).
The animal’s anatomy is specifically evolved in and thus tied in with it physiology, thus affecting its interactions with the environment.