1. evaporation
2. condensation
3. precipitation
4. interception
5. infiltration
6. percolation
7. transpiration
8. runoff
9. storage
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Climate change
Greenhouse effect
Some heat energy from the Earth’s surface escapes into space. If too much heat energy escaped, the planet would be very cold. However some gases in the atmosphere can trap escaping heat energy, causing some of it to pass back to the surface.
These are called greenhouse gases, and they keep our planet warm, which is a good thing. Carbon dioxide is an important greenhouse gas.
Increasing carbon dioxide levels
Humans burn fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas. The energy released is used to power cars and other machines, to generate electricity, and to keep buildings warm. The burning fuel releases waste gases, including carbon dioxide. As the human population increases, more fuel is used, and more carbon dioxide is released.
Global warming
The extra carbon dioxide increases the greenhouse effect. More heat is trapped by the atmosphere, causing the planet to become warmer than it would be naturally. The increase in global temperature this causes is called global warming.
Meiosis I
Prophase I - homologous chromosomes form a tetrad, where they begin cross-over through the process of synapses.
Metaphase - homologous chromosomes then align along the metaphase plate.
Anaphase I - spindles then separate the homologous chromoses, pulling them to opposite poles of the cell
Telephase I - the cell creates a cleavage burrow inwhich the cell divides into two new cells with 46 chromosomes in the process of cytokinesis
Meiosis II
The same as mitosis
Prophase II - Nuclear envelope disintegrates, Sister chromatids migrate towards the metaphase plate.
Metaphase II - Sister chromatids align along the plate by their centromere.
Anaphase II- spindles pull the chromatin to opposites poles
Telephase II- cleavage burrow forms and cells seperate through cytokinesis
end result
4 haploid gametes are formed
