William M. Tweed was the boss of a political machine..
His accomplishments is technology
In a planned economy, the one that does their job of market forces in order to determine the outcome would be :
The government.
In this system, the Government control all the resource usage and distribution, leaving the private sector with almost no power.
C- colonization era
Constitution era obviously isnt it
Reform era was known as the progressive era
the early republic era had to with transfer of govt
thus leaving colonization era as the last option