It would be B. The Alps. The Alps one of the only mountain ranges in the world tall enough to be classified as "Highland climate," and certainly the only one big enough out of the list mentioned to be classified that way.
A) The volume of trade between Europe and North America increased
The reason for language diversion is the isolation of the people who speak the same language, but due to diversion and lesser contact between these people, now the language is used only in the dialects.
A biome is defined as the large ecological area where the formation of plants and animals with common characteristics gather due to the similar climates. If I were an ecologist, and i will be determining whether an entire river and lake biome is being threatened by human activity, the indicator species that i might look for are the ones that have been introduced into the biome.
