Answer:
The first Round Table Conference convened from 12 November 1930 to 19 January 1931. Prior to the Conference, M. K. Gandhi had initiated the Civil Disobedience Movement on behalf of the Indian National Congress. Consequently, since many of the Congress' leaders were in jail, Congress did not participate in the first conference, but representatives from all other Indian parties and a number of Princes did. The outcomes of the first Round Table Conference were minimal: India was to develop into a federation, safeguards regarding defence and finance were agreed and other departments were to be transferred. However, little was done to implement these recommendations and civil disobedience continued in India. The British Government realized that the Indian National Congress needed to be part of deciding the future of constitutional government in India.
The second Round Table Conference was held in London from 7 September 1931 to 1 December 1931 with the participation of Gandhi and the Indian National Congress. Two weeks before the Conference convened, the Labour government had been replaced by the Conservatives. At the conference, Gandhi claimed to represent all people of India. This view, however, was not shared by other delegates. In fact, the division between the many attending groups was one of the reasons why the outcomes of the second Round Table Conference were again no substantial results regarding India's constitutional future. Meanwhile, civil unrest had spread throughout India again, and upon return to India Gandhi was arrested along with other Congress leaders. A separate province of Sind was created and the interests of minorities were safeguarded by MacDonald's Communal Award.
The third Round Table Conference (17 November 1932 - 24 December 1932) was not attended by the Indian National Congress and Gandhi. Many other Indian leaders were also absent. Like the two first conferences, little was achieved. The recommendations were published in a White Paper in March 1933 and debated in Parliament afterwards. A Joint Select Committee was formed to analyse the recommendations and formulate a new Act for India. The Committee produced a draft Bill in February 1935 which was enforced as the Government of India Act of 1935 in July 1935.
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Around the late 17th century a movement started that promoted individualism, reasoning, scepticism, and secularism. This movement was called the Enlightenment, or the "Age of Enlightenment". The Scientific Revolution is related to the enlightenment as<u> people used the scientific method to understand the world around them</u>.
The Renaissance and the Reformation had the main ideas that started this movement. Religion was very important in the life of the people at the time. Protestantism argued that s<em>alvation wasn't mediated by Church,</em> but was rather a matter of <em>personal faith</em> <em>and giving the scriptures the importance Christian Church didn't.</em> The Reformation rejected the traditional teachings of the Church that weren't in the Bible. This led to a schism that would separate Catholic Church and what would be known as the Protestant Church. Protestantism placed <u>emphasis on the individual and, as said before, people's salvation by faith alone and not by doing good works or sacrament.</u>
The Reinassence and Reformation encouraged the return to the origins and the study of early manuscripts in their original languages. This marked the beginning of modern science. The Reinassence showed people they could live without the pressure of pleasing God. It promoted secular values over religious values. They were widely influenced by Roman and Greek civilization, which led to the movement of democracy.
Workers hoped that labor unions would help them to receive better working conditions, increased wageas, and a reduced workload.
When labor unions started to develop, many workers faced unfair working conditions. This included roughly an 80-100 hour work week, low wages, and not safety standards at their potentially dangerous jobs. Since there was very little government intervention in business during this era, workers hoped that the creation of these labor unions would help to solve some of their work problems. However, in the beginning of this labor movement, unions and business owners/managers often fought. In several different instances, these confrontations turned violent.
Answer:
Liliʻuokalani
After an unsuccessful uprising to restore the monarchy, the oligarchical government placed the former queen under house arrest at the ʻIolani Palace. On January 24, 1895, Liliʻuokalani was forced to abdicate the Hawaiian throne, officially ending the deposed monarchy.
