The correct answers are
1) Labor reform- The Progressive era resulted in the development of laws/protections for workers in several different industries. These laws included concepts such as minimum wage, maximum number of hours a person could work per week, improved working/safety conditions, etc.
2) Format of elections- Many states during this era passed Progressive laws that allowed for citizens to have a more direct influence on state laws. Some states instituted procedures like initiatives, referendums, and recalls as a way to implement forms of direct democracy.
Shared religion is a factor in a sense of shared culture and identity in a nation-state. Religion, or lack thereof, is an integral part of a person's identity. People tend to group up with people of the same religion, and it helps to create a cohesion among people. It can also be used to motivate and bring together the people of a nation, calling for war, peace, or any other large-scale activity in the name of the nation's religion.
The correct answer is “People in Europe and the United States wanted the treaty to focus on punishing Germany, not on making future wars harder to start.”
Wilson’s 14 points focused on settle border disputes, military cutbacks, lower tariffs and ban secret treaties between nations - that mainly caused the conflict -. But Wilson did not want to go and over-punish Germany and this was the main problem he faced, France, Britain, and Italy rejected his peace treaty with Germany because of that.
Some points of the 14 were included on the Treaty of Versailles, but the Allies wanted Germany to accept the blame for the war and make them pay 33 billion dollars in reparations and give large parts of the German territory. This eventually caused the outbreak of WWII.
Answer:
1- <u>McCulloch v. Maryland</u>:
-The Second Bank of the United States was involved in the case
.
-The Supreme Court ruled that a state could not tax a federal institution
2- <u>Gibbons v. Ogden</u>:
-The state of New York was involved in the case.
-The Supreme Court ruled that a state could not regulate commercial activities between states
.
-A state granted one company exclusive rights over the Hudson river
.
Explanation:
1- McCulloch v. Maryland was a case resolved by the Supreme Court in 1819, whereby the state of Maryland was prohibited from imposing a tax on federal banks operating in its territory. Thus, the concept of federalism prevailed over the rights of the states, while guaranteeing the operability of the Constitutional "Necessary and Proper Clause", which authorizes Congress to carry out certain acts not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution, but that tend to comply with such authorized activities.
2- Gibbons v. Ogden was a ruling of the Supreme Court in 1824, which confirmed that the power to regulate commerce between states belonged to the federal government. This is due to a conflict between New York and New Jersey, which in principle was to be resolved by local courts, thus violating the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court and the right to equality between the states.
With the invention of refrigeration, they started the practice of slaughtering cattle before the train journey. They packed the meat into refrigerated freight cars, known as "reefers". That facilitated the shipment of meat by train over long distances, with the meat arriving at its destination in edible condition.
