The answer is the first one, A)
Explanation:
Although the words “separation of church and state” do not appear in the First Amendment, the establishment clause was intended to separate church from state. When the First Amendment was adopted in 1791, the establishment clause applied only to the federal government, prohibiting the federal government from any involvement in religion. By 1833, all states had disestablished religion from government, providing protections for religious liberty in state constitutions. In the 20th century, the U.S. Supreme Court applied the establishment clause to the states through the 14th Amendment. Today, the establishment clause prohibits all levels of government from either advancing or inhibiting religion.
The Supreme Court has cited Jefferson’s letter in key cases, beginning with a polygamy case in the 19th century. In the 1947 case Everson v. Board of Education, the Court cited a direct link between Jefferson’s “wall of separation” concept and the First Amendment’s establishment clause.
first here's the definition of a Proxy War : A proxy war is an armed conflict between two states which act or on behalf of other parties that are not directly involved in the hostilities. so the US government aided Africa even though they were not directly involved in the war themselves.
Answer:
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Explanation:
To force the Soviet Union to increase its military spending despite
having a weak economy
Explanation:
- In February 1983, the Joint Chiefs of Staff requested the then US President Ronald Reagan to give support, to pay more attention to US strategic plans in developing effective missile defense.
- The demands of the generals remained silent as Reagan presented his Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) project to the public on March 23 that year, adding that the military component was being added to space exploration and use, which became popular with the public under the name " Star Wars.
- Regardless of the doubts expressed about the realization of the whole project on the creation of a new missile shield, in 1986, with the support of the Minister of Defense, President Reagan decided that after 6 months of research and study it was time to begin the process of procuring the first elements, the first phase of the system architecture of the future missile shield USA (Strategic Defense Initiative Phase I Architecture).
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