I think that the Olmec were considered the mother civilization of Mesoamerica.
"The concept of the Olmecs as a mother<span> culture was first formally raised by Alfonso Caso at a 1942 conference on the "Olmec problem" in Tuxtla Gutiérrez where he argued that the Olmec were the "cultura madre" of </span>Mesoamerica<span>."
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A. Olmec
"a.Joseph Stalin" was the man who quickly rose to power following the Russian Revolution and ushered in an era of brutal Communist government in the Soviet Union.
Middle passage hope this helps
The Mogao Caves(also known as Mogao Grottoes or Dunhuang Cave) is the answer. This cave is a famous place for pilgrim and worship. According to the book written during the reign of the Tang Dynasty, a monk named Le Zun( Also known as Yuezun) had a vision of that very site. In his vision, he saw a thousand of Buddhes basking in the golden light. The caves were develop into shrines with the help of donors, funding the construction of the shrines. The shrine were elaborately painted, cave painting and architecture. They also had a library of inscriptions. Presently, Mogao cave is one of the tourist spots in China.
