Throw it fast to something or somewhere
The Kite Runner focuses nearly exclusively on male relationships. While the relationship between father and son is important to the novel, male friendship is central as well. Amir's relationship with Hassan is the most obvious example.
The answer is C) cause and effect because if it explores the relationship between and action and it's consequences you would be talking about a cause and then it's effect of what happened.
D, since the children were seen by their mother. It would be active if their mother saw them.