Extrinsic motivation is driven by external factors , which will make people do things to gain external benefits. Thus, the scenario that exemplifies extrinsic motivation is the fact that Lacey ran into a heated shop to warm up, when the temperature suddenly dropped. What made Lacey react in that way so that he could take shelter from the weather ? An external factor: extremely cold temperature. The other examples stand for intrinsic motivation since the drive that activates a certain behaviour in those people comes from within their own selves: not feeling like answering the door; feeling guilty and confessing ; and loving animals and volunteering for rescuing them.
I'd say option B, because that is how the story or the main problem was "resolved" (as the phrase suggests) or taken care of.
The middle one is the right answer.
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He uses various rhetorical means of proving his claims such as appealing to emotions. He presents the case of the King's behavior in such a way that is supposed to elicit an emotional response from the reader and motivate them to support the rebellion. Not only that but it is also masked as common sense so as to make it seem sensible.