The option that most effectively completes the sentence is “allowing world nations freedom of choice, within reason, promotes peace”. According to John Kennedy in his speech delivered at the American University, nations (in this case he refers to the Soviet Union) should not try to impose rules on other nations as this interferes with the process of peace and creates tension.
The effect of foreshadowing in Shakespeare's Macbeth creates a sense of tension and a slight sense of dramatic irony as many characters in the play are oblivious to their fate whereas the audience may know what is going to happen.
The Americans stopped attacking the British outside of Philadelphia after they retreated for the first time because of the weather.
It was winter, and whereas the British were warm and cozy, whereas those Americans who still wanted to fight were frozen and deprived of food and resources. Thus they decided to wait until the weather cleared and then attack their enemies.