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Nana76 [90]
3 years ago
7

Dados los vectores a = 4cm y b = 6cm que forman entre si un ángulo de 40°. Halla el módulo del vector suma.

Spanish
1 answer:
Lina20 [59]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

El módulo del vector suma es 9.42 cm

Explanation:

Sean estos vectores en 2D

Entonces tenemos:

a = (a₁, a₂)

b = (b₁, b₂)

Tal que el módulo de a es 4cm, entonces:

|a| = √( a₁^2 + a₂^2) = 4cm

|b| =  √( b₁^2 + b₂^2) = 6cm

Y el ángulo entre a y b es de 40°.

Entonces, recordando que el producto punto está definido como:

a.b = a₁*b₁ + a₂*b₂ = |a|*|b|*cos(θ)  

donde θ es el angulo entre los vectores, que sabemos es igual a 40°.

Entonces tenemos que:

a₁*b₁ + a₂*b₂ = |a|*|b|*cos(θ)  = 4cm*6cm*cos(40°)

a₁*b₁ + a₂*b₂ = 18.39 cm^2

entonces tenemos las ecuaciones:

a₁*b₁ + a₂*b₂ = 18.39 cm^2

√( a₁^2 + a₂^2) = 4cm

√( b₁^2 + b₂^2) = 6cm

podemos reescribir las otras dos como:

a₁^2 + a₂^2 = (4cm)^2 = 16cm^2

b₁^2 + b₂^2 = (6cm)^2 = 36cm^2

Y queremos obtener el módulo de la suma, que es:

|a + b| = |( a₁ + b₁, a₂ + b₂)| = √( ( a₁ + b₁)^2 + ( a₂ + b₂)^2)

          =  √( a₁^2 + 2*a₁*b₁ + b₁^2 + a₂^2 + 2*a₂*b₂ + b₂^2)

Podemos reordenar los terminos como:

|a + b| = √( (a₁^2 + a₂^2) + (b₁^2 + b₂^2) + 2(a₁*b₁ + a₂*b₂) )

donde podemos reemplazar:

(a₁^2 + a₂^2) = 16cm^2

(b₁^2 + b₂^2) =  36cm^2

(a₁*b₁ + a₂*b₂) = 18.39 cm^2

Asi obtenemos:

|a + b| = √( 16cm^2 +  36cm^2 + 2*18.39 cm^2)

          = 9.42 cm

El módulo del vector suma es 9.42 cm

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