French philosophers like Voltaire, Rousseau and Montesquieu inspired the people with revolutionary ideas of liberty and equality. Montesquieu rejected the theory of the Divine Right of Kings and urged for separation of powers. Rousseau, in his book 'Social Contract', announced that sovereign power lay in popular will.
It would be in a "direct democracy" in which all citizens participate directly in the government, since they would vote on each individual matter directly instead of electing representatives to vote for them.
Hitler used the weakness' of the other parties in germany to his advantage. He came to power in Germany just right after the Economic Depression in the United States.
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