Plate tectonics<span> play a significant role in the formation of volcanoes on the Earth’s surface. Volcanoes can either be formed by tectonic plates moving away or towards each other. When plates move away from each other such as at the mid-oceanic ridges, the phenomena is referred to as being a divergent plate boundary.</span>
The evolution of sexual reproduction is a great puzzle in modern evolutionary biology. Many groups of eukaryotic organisms, especially most animals and plants, reproduce sexually. The evolution of sex between two organisms of the same species contains two related but different themes: its origin and its maintenance. However, since hypotheses for the origin of sex are difficult to test experimentally, most of the current work has focused on the maintenance of sexual reproduction. Biologists, including W. D. Hamilton, Alexei Kondrashov, and George C. Williams, have proposed various explanations for how sexual reproduction is maintained in a large set of different living things.
Viruses are not cells at all, so they are neither prokaryotes nor eukaryotes. Viruses contain DNA but not much else. They lack the other parts shared by all cells, including a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes
<span>linked recessive traits
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