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sergejj [24]
2 years ago
14

What are the causes, events, organizations, non-violent protests, leaders, and significance of each Civil Rights Movement?

History
1 answer:
torisob [31]2 years ago
4 0

<u>March on Washington (for Jobs and Freedom):</u>

  • Organized by Philip Randolph and Bayard Rustin
  • They built an alliance of civil rights, labor, and religious organizations.
  • Credited with helping to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964
  • "I Have a Dream" speech by Martin Luther King Jr.

<u>Black Panther Party:</u>

  • Founded by Bobby Seale and Huey Newton
  • The black power organization was inspired by Malcolm X.
  • Ten-Point Program
  • Free Breakfast for Children Program
  • Intercommunal Youth Institute
  • <em>The Black Panther </em>newspaper

<u>National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP): </u>

  • <em>The Crisis</em>
  • Rosa Parks had served as a chapter's secretary
  • NAACP v. Alabama
  • Legal Defense Fund (1939)
  • Founded by W.E.B. DuBois, Mary White Ovington, Moorfield Storey and Ida B. Wells

<u />

<u>Civil Disobedience</u>:

  • non-violent protest; refusal to abide to certain laws
  • Boycotts
  • Draft-dodging
  • Sit-ins
  • <em>Resistance to Civil Government</em>

<u />

<u>AIM (American Indian Movement):</u>

  • an organizaiton that was a part of the <u>Red Power Movement</u>
  • The movement advocates for civil rights of Native Americans.
  • Occupation of Alcatraz
  • Occupation of D-Q University
  • Trail of Broken Treaties
  • Wounded Knee
  • Dennis Banks, Clyde and Vernon Bellecourt were notably figures of the movement

<u>Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC):</u>

  • the goal was to form an organization to coordinate and support nonviolent direct action as a method of desegregating bus systems across the South
  • Albany movement
  • Grenada Freedom movement
  • Chicago Freedom movement
  • Martin Luther King Jr. was the first President

<u>Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC):</u>  

  • established to give younger Black people more of a voice in the movement
  • Student-led sit-ins at segregated lunch counters
  • Freedom Rides
  • Freedom Ballot

<u>Affirmative Action:</u><u> </u>

  • seeking to increase the representation of particular groups based on their gender, race, sexuality, creed or nationality
  • Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
  • Hopwood v. Texas
  • Grutter v. Bollinger
  • Gratz v. Bollinger

<u>Little Rock 9:</u>

  • a group of nine African American students enrolled in an all-white school in Arkansas
  • Little Rock Crisis
  • Cooper v. Aaron
  • Eisenhower sent the national guard to escort the students into the school

<u>Freedom Riders:</u>

  • intended to test an earlier Supreme Court ruling that banned racial discrimination in interstate travel
  • Mob violence in Anniston, Montogomery, and Birmingham, Alabama

<u>Freedom Summer Project (Mississippi Summer Project):</u>

  • attempted to register as many African American voters as possible
  • Freedom Vote
  • Freedom Schools

<u>Civil Rights Act of 1964:</u>

  • banned discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, (and later) sexual orientation and gender identity
  • Americans with Disablitites Act of 1990
  • Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972

<u>Voting Rights Act of 1965:</u>

  • secured the right to vote for racial minorities throughout the country
  • Shelby County v. Holder
  • South Carolina v. Katzenbach
  • The law immediately decreased racial discrimination in voting
  • Suspension of literacy tests
  • More than half of the African American population were registered in 1967

<u />

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advertisement, Negroes for sale, 1842

Negroes for sale, 1842

The Sale

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