I believe the answer is in rock carvings and petroglyphs.
Because light travels through the air in a near perfect straight line.
The light travels from the top of the tree (see image), straight through the pinhole, and straight to the bottom of the image.
Light travels from the bottom of the tree, straight through the pinhole, and straight to the TOP of the image.
Which then makes the image inverted (or upside down).
hope this helps!
<span>In Europe art or architecture was used to attach sculptures to buildings themselves and to stand alone in various spaces of the buildings. In Asia art or architecture was used in the tapestries, pottery, and religious buildings to display as treasures and provide meanings for for the people to appreciate and assign special meanings from the culture.</span>
The children are being generous. They basically put a lot of effort into getting a present for Helen. And look! At the very beginning of the excerpt we can see that they are “delighted”; they are happy to be giving this present to Hellen!