Answer:
( d ) The brittle lithosphere cracks under pressure from the moving asthenosphere.
Explanation:
~ The earth's crust refers to the outer layer of the planet earth . The surface of a planet is usually formed of less dense material than the deeper layers. Only 1/3 of the earth's crust is terrestrial , the rest is covered by oceans . The thickness of the earth's crust is between 10 to 30 miles.
The earth's crust, which is the upper part of the lithosphere , is divided into two layers. The top layer is continental , which is composed of granite . While under granite is a layer of hard rock called basalt .
On a semi-liquid planet , such as Earth , the earth's surface floats on top of the liquid inner layer. The crust seems to be often divided into pieces known as tectonic plates which due to the movement of molten magma beneath it, are able to move. This is a phenomenon of continental drift theory . In addition, collisions between two tectonic plates can produce volcanoes .
The Earth's crust is made up of rocks, minerals, soil and fossil fuels.
Answer:
Salinity is the <em><u>salt concentration</u></em> in water. Oceans salinity and temperature affect density of water, Higher the salinity denser the water and Lower the temperature denser the water.
Explanation:
As we go down in the ocean , temperature goes down and denser the water.
Less dense water will be on top and higher the density will be on bottom. Warmer water will be on top.
Salinity <em> increased</em> in ocean on evaporation of sea water and formation of ice in water. Weathering of rocks , formation of soil also add minerals and salt in ocean.
Melting of snow, ice in sea, addition of river freshwater and precipitation of rain <em>decrease </em>the salinity of ocean.
Answer:
a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.
