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As a contested term, globalization has many definitions, each worthy of merit. Generally, globalization is first thought of “in economic and political terms, as a movement of capitalism spreading across the globe.”[1] It calls to mind “homogenizing exports of the US” such as Nike, McDonald’s, and MTV.[2] However, since globalization can be defined as a process of an “ever more interdependent world”[3] where “political, economic, social, and cultural relationships are not restricted to territorial boundaries or to state actors,” globalization has much do with its impact on cultures.[4]
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Explanation:
Individual contributors to classical liberalism and political liberalism are associated with the Enlightenment philosophers. Liberalism as a specifically named ideology begins at the end of the 18th century as a movement towards self-government and away from the aristocracy. It included the ideas of self-determination, the primacy of the individual and the nation, as opposed to the state and religion, as fundamental units of law, politics and economics. Since then, liberalism has expanded to include a wide range of approaches by Americans Ronald Dworkin, Richard Rorty, John Rawls and Francis, as well as the Indind the Peruvian Hernando de Soto. Some of these people moved away from liberalism, while others defended other ideologies before resorting to liberalism. There are many different opinions about what constitutes liberalism, and some liberals would feel that some of the people on this list were not true liberals. It is not intended to be an exhaustive list. Theorists whose ideas were mainly typical of a country should be included in that country's liberalism section. Usually, only thinkers are on the list, politicians only appear on the list when, along with their active political work, they have also made substantial contributions to liberal theory.
Jeffersonian democracy, named after its advocate Thomas Jefferson, was one of two dominant political outlooks and movements in the United States from the 1790s to the 1820s. The term was commonly used to refer to the Democratic-Republican Party (formally named the "Republican Party"), which Jefferson founded in opposition to the Federalist Party of Alexander Hamilton. The Jeffersonians were deeply committed to American republicanism, which meant opposition to aristocracy of any form, opposition to corruption, and insistence on virtue, with a priority for the "yeoman farmer", "planters", and the "plain folk".
They were antagonistic to the aristocratic elitism of merchants, bankers, and manufacturers, distrusted factory workers, and were on the watch for supporters of the dreaded British system of government. Jeffersonian democracy persisted as an element of the Democratic Party into the early 20th century, as exemplified by the rise of Jacksonian democracy and the three presidential candidacies of William Jennings Bryan. Its themes continue to echo in the 21st century, particularly among the Libertarianand Republican parties.
At the beginning of the Jeffersonian era, only two states (Vermont and Kentucky) had established universal white male suffrage by abolishing property requirements. By the end of the period, more than half of the states had followed suit, including virtually all of the states in the Old Northwest. States then also moved on to allowing popular votes for presidential elections, canvassing voters in a more modern style. Jefferson's party, known today as the Democratic-Republican Party, was then in full control of the apparatus of government—from the state legislature and city hall to the White House
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