We can not answer this because we don't know what you are reading. What book is this from?
The word "altercation" refers to a disagreement or a fight, particularly one that is heated, angry or noisy. The word "vociferous" means loud, noisy or vehement. Therefore, a "vociferous altercation" refers to a fight in which the people interacting are shouting in an angry and noisy way.
The answer is C. Owner’s Equity
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