D is correct.
(It was between A and D, I'm pretty sure it's D)
A) The men oppose Boadicea without realizing how tough she is.
C) The men's cruel attitude at home makes them misjudge Boadicea.
No it is not an adjective because a adjective describes something like "pretty" or "fast" while verbs describe action. Started is an action so therefore is a verb.
Birth of universities and public schools