Answer:
The correct answer is option A. "the temporary hyperpolarization of the axon membrane following the action potential spike".
Explanation:
Action potentials, also known as "spikes" or "impulses", are electric impulses that neurons use to send information from the cell's body down to the axon. The impulses are created when ions travel across the neuron's membrane creating a depolarization current. This depolarization current is responsible for an temporary hyperpolarization of the axon membrane following the action potential spike. When neurons are hyperpolarized they are not able to produce another action potential. In consequence, actions potentials move in one direction along the neuron away from the cell body, as well as, adjacent locations go trough similar depolarization processes.
Answer:
D. GTP
Explanation:
Initiation of protein synthesis includes binding of mRNA to small ribosome subunit and initiation aminoacyl tRNA. The pairing of the anticodon of the initiating aminoacyl tRNA and initiation codon of mRNA requires GTP hydrolysis and marks the beginning of protein synthesis.
Elongation stage of protein synthesis requires movement of the ribosome along the mRNA which in turn is facilitated by GTP hydrolysis. As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, the codon of mRNA bind to the respective anticodon of aminoacyl tRNA by using the energy of GTP hydrolysis. The GTPase activity of elongation factor Ef-Tu ensures the fidelity of the process.
The release factors that recognize the stop codon and serve to mark the termination of protein synthesis use the energy of GTP hydrolysis during the process.
Answer:
It reduces the diameter of an artery
Explanation:
<em>Atherosclerosis results in the deposition of plaques on the arterial wall. The plaque deposition narrows the diameter of the artery and consequently interferes with the flow of blood through the artery in the process. </em>
Hence, atherosclerosis functions by reducing the diameter of an artery due to plaque deposition.
