A chemical change happens to form a precipitate
Answer: Non-falsifiable hypotheses: Hypotheses that are inherently impossible to falsify, either because of technical limitations or because of subjectivity. E.g. "Chocolate is always better than vanilla." [subjective].
A statement, hypothesis, or theory has falsifiability if it can be proven false by contradicting it with a basic statement or observation.
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Explanation:
Answer:
B) the slow rate at which diffusion occurs over large distances.
Explanation:
The complexity of the respiratory system is direct proportional with the size of the organism. As an organism size increases, diffusion begins to take place over a larger distance and the ratio of surface area to volume is seen to decrease. In unicellular organisms, diffusion across the cell membrane is adequate for distributing oxygen to the cell unlike in multicellular organisms.
Diffusion is known to be a slow, gradual and passive transport activity. It is important that for diffusion to be a pratical way of supplying oxygen to the cell, the amount of oxygen intake must be the same as the amount of diffusion across the membrane. This implies that, if the cell happens to be very large or thick, diffusion would not serve as the best means to distribute oxygen swiftly and in the right quantitiy to the inner region of the cell.
We can say that reliance on diffusion as a tool of supplying or distributing oxygen and extracting carbon dioxide is actually attainable only for small size organisms or the ones that possess a highly-flattened bodies, e.g. flatworms (Platyhelminthes).
Thus, this accounts for why Larger organisms had to develop specialized respiratory tissues, such as gills, lungs, and respiratory passages in conjunction with a complex circulatory systems, to disburse oxygen all through their entire body and to compensate for the slow rate at which diffusion occurs over large distances.
Answer:
b. Clostridium botulinum.
Explanation:
The enterotoxins (also know as exotoxins when they are produced by bacteria) are polypeptides secreted by microorganisms that target the intestine. These toxins may produce serious damage to the host by disrupting the function of the epithelial intestinal cells Moreover, <em>Clostridium botulinum </em>is a Gram-positive bacterium that is able to produce a potent neurotoxin (botulinum) which is known to cause severe flaccid paralytic deformities in humans.
