I think the answer is A which is the axon
The gastrointestinal tract (GI) involves the liver, pancreas and gallbladder. As food enters through the mouth, it passes through the GI tract. We have bacteria in the GI tract that helps to digest and break down our food into small molecules which in turn nourishes the cells of our bodies. It enters the bloodstream from the walls of the small intestine. The waste passes through the large intestine and exits our bodies as a stool. From the time we swallow food, our saliva wets the food and it slides down into the esophagus and into the stomach. Our stomach lining produces acid that digests the protein. The Pancreas then breaks down the carbohydrates and fats. These digestive juices come from small tubes or ducts. The liver produces a digestive juice known as bile. The gallbladder holds onto the bile between our meals. The bile acids dissolve fat into a watery product when the food reaches the small intestine and it combines with pancreatic juices and bile. Bacteria produces some of the enzymes needed to digest the carbohydrates. Hormones in the stomach lining causes the production of digestive juices. The brain will send messages to the nerves to rlease the chemicals. The chemicals cause the GI tract to contract ad relax which moves the food ultimately out the rectum.
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1. What is vestigial structure?
<u>Vestigial structures are structures that have no obvious purpose and appear to be leftover components from a previous progenitor. The human appendix, a snake's pelvic bone, and the wings of flightless birds are all examples of vestigial features.</u>
2. What is analogous structure?
<u>Analogous structures are characteristics of various species that are comparable in function but not necessarily in form, do not come from a shared ancestral feature (in contrast to homologous structures), and evolved in response to a similar environmental challenge.</u>
3. What is homologous structure?
<u>Homologous structures are physical traits that are comparable in species with a common ancestry but perform radically distinct purposes. The limbs of humans, cats, whales, and bats are examples of homologous structures.</u>
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Chromosomal aberrations during cell division represent one of the first recognized features of human cancer cells, and modern detection methods have revealed the pervasiveness of aneuploidy in cancer. The ongoing karyotypic changes brought about by chromosomal instability (CIN) contribute to tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and treatment failure. Whole-chromosome and segmental aneuploidies resulting from CIN have been proposed to allow “macroevolutionary” leaps that may contribute to profound phenotypic change. In this review, we will outline evidence indicating that aneuploidy and CIN contribute to cancer evolution.
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A pteridophyte is a vascular plant that disperses spores. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are sometimes referred to as "cryptogams", meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden. Ferns, horsetails, and lycophytes are all pteridophytes.
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