They affect the biosphere because the biosphere is were the living animals are and plants live and it could harm them.
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The Sahel (/səˈhɛl/) is the ecoclimatic and biogeographic zone of transition in Africa between the Sahara to the north and the Sudanian Savanna (historically known as the Sudan region) to the south. <span>In the </span>Sahel<span>, abject poverty, fast population growth, climate change, recurrent food and nutrition crises, armed conflicts and violence converge dangerously. </span>The chiefs of the Sahel grew rich from taxing traders.
Answer: 5 years, but not sure