Self-confidence is considered one of the most influential motivators and regulators of behavior in people's everyday lives (Bandura, 1986). A growing body of evidence suggests that one's perception of ability or self-confidence is the central mediating construct of achievement strivings (e.g., Bandura, 1977; Ericsson et al., 1993; Harter, 1978; Kuhl, 1992; Nicholls, 1984). Ericsson and his colleagues have taken the position that the major influence in the acquisition of expert performance is the confidence and motivation to persist in deliberate practice for a minimum of 10 years.
Self-confidence is not a motivational perspective by itself. It is a judgment about capabilities for accomplishment of some goal, and, therefore, must be considered within a broader conceptualization of motivation that provides the goal context. Kanfer (1990a) provides an example of one cognitively based framework of motivation for such a discussion. She suggests that motivation is composed of two components: goal choice and self-regulation. Self-regulation, in turn, consists of three related sets of activities: self-monitoring, self-evaluation, and self-reactions. Self-monitoring provides information about current performance, which is then evaluated by comparing that performance with one's goal. The comparison between performance and goal results in two distinct types of self-reactions: self-satisfaction or -dissatisfaction and self-confidence expectations. Satisfaction or dissatisfaction is an affective response to past actions; self-confidence expectations are judgments about one's future capabilities to attain one's goal. This framework allows a discussion of self-confidence as it relates to a number of motivational processes, including setting goals and causal attributions.
Answer:
Explanation:
Net Income = 20m
Sales = 100m
Debt-equity ration = 40%
Asset turnover = 0.60
A)
Profit Margin = Net Income / Sales = $20 million / $100 million = 20%
Equity Multiplier = 1 + Debt-Equity Ratio = 1 + 0.40 = 1.40
Return on Equity = Profit Margin * Asset Turnover * Equity Multiplier = 20% * 0.60 * 1.40 = 16.80%
B)
Debt-equity ratio = 60%
Equity Multiplier = 1 + Debt-Equity Ratio = 1 + 0.60 = 1.60
Return on Equity = Profit Margin * Asset Turnover * Equity Multiplier = 20% * 0.60 * 1.60 = 19.20%
As calculations provide, if debt-equity ratio increases to 60%, Return on equity will increase by 2.40% (19.20% - 16.80%)
Answer:
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More time spent perfecting skills compared to college
I will not be able to illustrate the graph in the dialog box but instead, the writer will describe the long-run equilibrium of transnet. Long-run equilibrium in economics focuses on the period of time where the resource is still available and what is its costs and quantity produced.
