Answer:
The post-crisis period is characterized by a prolonged recession, lack of employment, deflation of financial assets, as well as the fall of the main export products of the Latin American economies. It can be said that the foregoing is the result of the economic policies implemented for more than four decades: trade openness, strategic alliances of large transnational companies and the financing of institutional investors to all government economic activity.
On the other hand, democracy –as a governance regime– is, at this moment, the expression of the dissatisfied citizen caused by the fall in their income and the lack of employment, with the middle classes being the most affected by be displaced by structural changes in the production system and new technologies. The new generation of young people of working age has not managed to obtain a decent job, which puts at risk the pension systems and investments in human capital of a society.
Today a cycle for Latin America has ended with the aim of progressive governments, who managed social policies for the benefit of their population and whose goal was to reduce poverty. Social policy and spending on education, health and housing is carried over to debt spending. In order to grow, newly arrived governments have had to finalize social commitments to adapt to the needs of financial markets. The return to international markets and the expectations of economic growth, both for Argentina and Brazil, have bet on the deepening of neoliberal policies and a greater insertion to productive circuits on a world scale. Can these economic policies work in the face of the result of the recent elections in the United States?
Based on the results of the voting in the United States and the tsunami caused internationally by the triumph of the Republican candidate, Donald Trump as its future president, it is necessary to reflect on the causes of that triumph and the result of the structural change policies of The last decades. To this is added the death of Fidel Castro, the end of a revolutionary project that meant the economic, political and social thinking of the liberation struggles of the underdeveloped countries, an issue that Latin American governments must take into account.
Explanation:
Social inequality has increased to such a degree that it has endangered democracy, creating the need for repressive regimes, the latter has been pointed out by James Galbraith and Joseph Stiglitz in countless forums internationally and reflected in articles and books. Thomas Palley, in an open letter blames the rulers for the failure of neoliberal policies in the two periods of the Democratic Party. Without realizing it, the promises offered in his campaign were a failure that gave way to the triumph of the Republican Party, led by a character who collected the dissatisfactions of the majority of the American population.
Democracy gains strength because it is expressed in the opportunity for citizens to express the successes or failures of development policies led by a government over a period of time. The results of economic policies at the international level represent the weakness or strength of a State against the international environment, as well as its impact on citizens. Thus, Americans' expressions of inequalities caused by development policies are expressed in elections in a parliamentary regime. The causal relationship between democracy, development and inequality often results in the unexpected.
The article by Issac Minian, Ángel Martínez and Jenny Ibáñez: Technological change and relocation of the clothing industry, focuses the analysis on the decrease in Mexican exports from the clothing industry and the bankruptcy of US companies with plants in Mexico worldwide. . This drop in exports is the result of trade agreements, a lower added value and low productivity compared to other countries where the industry migrated. Since the 1950s, the textile industry started emigrating to countries in Asia, where it is very difficult to compete with low wages.
Belem Vásquez and Salvador Corrales with their article: Cement industry in Mexico: analysis of its determinants, point out that the cement industry is one of the most important in the country, not only because it expresses the economic cycle, but because it is a trigger in the employment dynamics and has a high degree of sensitivity in its relationship with prices nationwide. Large companies in the field in Mexico are part of the large international consortiums, Cemex being one of the Mexican companies with the greatest impact in the United States. The fall in profits internationally was an expression of the Great Crisis in the construction sector and the cement industry.
