<span>There are numerous proteins in muscle. The main two are thin actin filaments and thick myosin filaments. Thin filaments form a scaffold that thick filaments crawl up. There are many regulatory proteins such as troponin I, troponin C, and tropomyosin. There are also proteins that stabilize the cells and anchor the filaments to other cellular structures. A prime example of this is dystrophin. This protein is thought to stabilize the cell membrane during contraction and prevent it from breaking. Those who lack completely lack dystrophin have a disorder known as Duchene muscular dystrophy. This disease is characterized by muscle wasting begininng in at a young age and usually results in death by the mid 20s. The sarcomere is the repeating unit of skeletal muscle.
Muscle cells contract by interactions of myosin heads on thick filament with actin monomers on thin filament. The myosin heads bind tightly to actin monomers until ATP binds to the myosin. This causes the release of the myosin head, which subsequently swings foward and associates with an actin monomer further up the thin filament. Hydrolysis and of ATP and the release of ADP and a phosphate allows the mysosin head to pull the thick filament up the thin filament. There are roughly 500 myosin heads on each thick filament and when they repeatedly move up the thin filament, the muscle contracts. There are many regulatory proteins of this contraction. For example, troponin I, troponin C, and tropomyosin form a regulatory switch that blocks myosin heads from binding to actin monomers until a nerve impulse stimulates an influx of calcium. This causes the switch to allow the myosin to bind to the actin and allows the muscle to contract. </span><span>
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Explanation:
As we know cows are dependent on plants so plants are the producers and cow which consume the produced food are known as consumers.
Plant--->Cow---->Lion----->Fungus (food chain)
Plant:- producer
Cow:-primary consumer
Lion:- secondary consumer
Fungus :- decomposers
Many scientists never wear a lab coat at all. Some work in fields that don't require lab work and do their work behind a computer. Some use their science degrees to teach or write about science. Some work as consultants for companies, or as editors for scientific journals.
Answer:
Genes are the instructions for life as we know it. They affect your development before you're even born and play a role in everything from your appearance to your personality. Genes contain information about your heritage and your risk for certain diseases.
Explanation:
