Anabolism-dehydration synthesis
If being short is the dominant trait, then you should expect the offspring to also be short.
This is because the traits are spread out as four different possibilities. Either FF, FF, Ff, or Ff. If the dominant trait is being short, “F” then this would mask the recessive trait “f”.
The shown lipid is a saturated triglyceride.
A type of lipid is known as a triglyceride which is an ester derived from glycerol combined with three fatty acid molecules.