Answer:
Option-B
Explanation:
The brain is an organ composed of neurons which controls all the voluntary and involuntary of animals. In humans, the brain is located in the skull where the brain is suspended in a fluid called cerebrospinal fluid.
As humans ages and becomes old aged, the neurons in the brain losing their ability to perform their function, if they are lost they cannot be regenerated.
The lesions appear on the white matter of the brain and the brain shrink. Due to these known and other unknown features, the process controlled by these neurons become inadequate and shows slower brain processing and weak memory.
Thus, Option-B is the correct answer.
Answer:
In glycolysis, the generation of ATP takes place at the time of the transformation of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate and at the time of the transformation of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate. However, when arsenate is used in place of phosphate it results in the generation of 1-arseno-3-phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate that further gets dissociated into 3-phosphoglycerate without generating any ATP.
However, in the process, the transformation of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate does not get hampered, and therefore, the reaction will produce two ATP from one glucose. Although at the time of the preparatory phase of glycolysis, two ATPs are used that signifies that the net gain of ATP will be zero.
Answer and Explanation:
The Huntington disease is caused by a mutation in the gene that codifies for the Huntingtin protein (Htt). The mutation produces an altered form of the protein leading to the neuron´s death in certain areas of the brain.
The Huntington disease characterizes for being,
- Hereditary, passing from generation to generation. To express the disease, a person must have been born with an altered gene.
- Autosomal, affecting men and women equally, because the mutated gene is located on an autosomal chromosome.
- Dominant, which means that by getting only one copy of the altered gene coming from any of the parents, the receiving person will express the disease. The mutation in the gene dominates over the normal gene copy.
- Expressed by heterozygosis. Most people affected by the disease are heterozygous, with a normal copy and a mutated copy.
There are just a few cases all around the world (3% approximately) in which the disease is expressed with no family history. The progenitors are not affected by the mutation. These cases are very rare and are called <u>"de-novo" mutations.</u> A new mutation is spontaneously produced and it is not inherited from any of the parentals. It consists of an increase in the number of CAG repetitions. In a normal person, the number of CAG repetitions is less than 35. When there are 40 or more repetitions it occurs the disease. But when there are between 35 and 39 repetitions, the penetrance of the disease is incomplete. This is a "gray zone". Those alleles that fall in the gray zone are unstable and might produce the HD. Individuals with these unstable alleles have a tendency to increase the number of repetitions from generation to generation until the number reaches 40 repetitions and the person expresses the disease. This <u>usually occurs in the paternal germinal line</u>, as it is particularly unstable in sperm and probably meiosis greatly affects their instability, causing an increase in the number of CAG repeats.
Lavoisier would have taken mercury and heated it up to 350 degrees centigrade in air and then found that a new compound was formed a red or yellow mineral which would be mercury oxide so the experimental observation would be the change in color of the mercury and the formation of a mineral with different properties from pure mercury.
The answer is sediments because sediments break down and are every where on earth also break down due to weathering
