The structure and rhetorical style that the author uses in the letter to the editor of the Daily News is to inform readers about the new ideas about the disease using scientific evidence as support. They used problem/solution with a logical appeal.
Defiant means to be in kind of a mood. Meaning that to ignore someone all the time and that’s what the boy was doing to his mother.
I believe the answer is A.
I hope that helped you! c: