Answer:
a. Cap and tail
b. Codon
c. Promoter region
d. Anticodon
e. Introns
f. Genetic code
g. Exon
Explanation:
a. RNA processing which occurs post transcription, is composed of three steps: capping of 5' end, polyadenylation of 3' tail and RNA splicing. Hence, according to this question, Cap and tail are examples of RNA processing.
b. A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that code for an amino acid. For example, AUG is a codon that encodes Methionine amino acid.
c. The PROMOTER region is the location on DNA where RNA polymerase enzyme attaches to for transcription to be initiated.
d. ANTICODON is a sequence of three nucleotides located in tRNA that is complementary to a codon triplet. The tRNA anticodon reads the mRNA codon during translation.
e. The INTRON is that portion of a gene that is excised or removed from the RNA transcript. Introns are non-coding regions of a gene and hence needs to be removed during a process called SPLICING.
f. GENETIC CODE is a set of rules that convert a nucleotide sequence into a protein. The genetic code is made up of codons that specify amino acids.
g. EXONS, in contrary to introns, are the parts of a gene that is expressed. Exons are the coding regions of a gene that are expressed into amino acids.
