I was hoping that i would get some choices to get to the answer. Since there are no choices given, so i have to answer this question from my knowledge and research. I hope that it helps you. The empire that was located on the Arabian Peninsula south and east of the Byzantine Empire was the Islamic Empire.
That would be The Emancipation Proclamation
Answer:
I believe that your answer is Shanghai. Please correct me in the comments if I am wrong.
I think it's commerce, but it could be agriculture.