Answer:
carry out plans and policies of top management
Explanation:
A downward communication can be defined as the formal flow of information and messages within an organizational hierarchy; which is mainly from a higher level (senior management) of an organization to a lower level (middle management) and lastly, to the least (subordinates).
This ultimately implies that, when downward communication are effectively and properly used in an organization, it helps them to achieve their aims, goals and objectives successfully.
Hence, middle managers usually carry out plans and policies of top management through the use of downward communication.
Generally, middle managers are saddled with the responsibility of carrying out plans and policies that have been formulated or designed by the top (executive) management of a business firm or company. Therefore, middle managers act as an intermediary between the top managers and the lower employees.
Answer:
D. All the above are capital budgeting decisions
Explanation:
Capital budgeting is the process of deciding whether or not to spend money on the buying or renovation, improvement or expanding of a fixed asset, or a long term project. In this process it is judged based on the return and the risk whether an investment is worth it.
Deciding to build a new plant is a capital budgeting decision because the company is deciding whether to spend money on a new fixed asset.
Deciding to renovate an existing facility is also a capital budgeting decision because the company is deciding whether to spend money on an existing fixed asset and will it increase returns or not.
Decision to buy machinery is also a capital budgeting decision as the company is deciding whether to buy new fixed assets or not.
So the answer is that all of the above are capital budgeting decisions.
Answer: Storming stage
Explanation: Jeff's group in the question are passing through the Storming stage in team development.
The Storming stage is a stage in team development, where members of a team's differences in individual characters clash and almost disrupts the progress of the team.