In mammals urine is expelled through the urethra which is part of the excretory system in unicellular organisms waste products are discharged directly through the surface of the cell
I found some articles on the internet that may be helpful (took me three minutes of searching). Hope these help?
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ravishly/neuroscience-proves-what-_b_6494820.html
http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2016/gender-lines-science-transgender-identity/
During the biochemical test it shows to difference between Aa and Aa, because it does not show if one trait is recessive or not
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